Utilization of alien genes to enhance Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat – A review

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat worldwide. Sources of resistance to FHB are limited in wheat. Search for novel sources of effective resistance to this disease has been an urgent need in wheat breeding. Fusarium head blight resistance has been identified in relatives of wheat. Alien chromatin carrying FHB resistance genes has been incorporated into wheat through chromosome addition, substitution, and translocation. Relatives of wheat demonstrate a great potential to enhance resistance of wheat to FHB.     

Metapositive Definite Problem in Both Kronecker Product and Hadamard Product of Metafositive Definit Matrices

In this paper,a lass of particular metapositive difinite matrices has beendissussed,and two different sufficet conditions under which Hadamard self-multiplications andKronecker self-multiplications of a metapositive difinite matrix are also metapositive difinitematrices have been given.     

锑矿区大叶女贞重金属富集特性研究

为了选择重金属污染土壤生态修复植物,利用采样测试分析的方法,对生长于冷水江严重Sb、As、Cd、Hg污染土壤的大叶女贞进行了研究。结果表明:大叶女贞能耐较严重重金属胁迫,其生长量、生物量受影响较小,胸径、树高和生物量分别减少2.58%、6.07%、7.58%;大叶女贞对各重金属的富集系数均大于2,其中Hg、Cd的富集系数最大,Cu、As的富集系数最小;对各重金属的转运系数均大于60,其中Sb的转运系数最大,Zn的转运系数最小;各重金属在大叶女贞根、茎、叶器官内的富集量有极显著差异,根、茎、叶等器官间富集的重金属有极显著差异,其叶部富集重金属的顺序为ZnSbAsPbCuCdHg,茎部富集重金属的顺序为ZnSbPbCdAsCuHg,根部富集重金属的顺序为ZnSbPbAsCuCdHg,叶、茎、根三器官富集各种重金属的顺序为叶茎根,至少有93.0%重金属富集在叶、茎、枝等地上部器官,其中至少有60.0%的重金属富集在叶部;大叶女贞为一优良重金属污染土壤生态修复树种。     

辣椒秸秆复合基质对西瓜育苗质量的影响

为降低西瓜基质育苗生产成本,采用不同比例的辣椒秸秆与蛭石、珍珠岩进行复配,探讨其对西瓜幼苗形态建成及生理特性的影响,以明确最佳的草炭替代材料。试验设置L1(V_辣椒秸秆∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=1∶1∶1)、L2(V_辣椒秸秆∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)、L3(V_辣椒秸秆∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=4∶1∶1)3个处理和对照CK(V草炭∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)。结果表明,L2处理的西瓜幼苗株高、茎粗、叶片数、干鲜质量、根尖数、壮苗指数和根冠比最大,根系活力最高;L1处理的西瓜幼苗出苗率最高,但与L2差异不显著;L3处理的西瓜幼苗根长最大,但与L2差异不显著。L2处理的西瓜幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素(a+b)、类胡萝卜素含量和净光合速率最高,较对照分别增加10.98%、11.51%、11.13%、7.71%和21.38%。因此,由辣椒秸秆、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比按2:1:1复合而成的育苗基质可以替代常规草炭育苗基质(V草炭∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)进行西瓜育苗。     

活塞-缸套周期性瞬态传热仿真

为解决计算柴油机单个零部件传热时边界条件难以确定的问题，用耦合传热的方法，把活塞、缸套传热时的外边界条件变成内边界处理，利用有限元软件进行建模仿真。以X6130型柴油机为例，用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了活塞-缸套的三维模型，并对其额定工况下一个工作循环内的瞬态传热进行了仿真计算，得到了活塞-缸套上关键点的温度波动曲线。部分计算结果和实验结果对比表明：用耦合方法模拟活塞-缸套之间的传热过程是可行的，且仿真结果与实测数据吻合较好。     

一种优化的基于协同过滤的农业信息推荐系统研究

随着信息爆炸而引发的信息过载和资源迷向的问题日趋严重,特别是对于农民来说,对计算机技术的掌握不多。为了向农民及时、方便、高效地提供其感兴趣的农业信息及知识,许多学者都对推荐系统技术进行了研究。为此,首先介绍了目前推荐系统的关键技术,并针对目前推荐系统中存在的用户评价矩阵稀疏问题提出了通过项目聚类来构造出一个无缺失的用户评价矩阵。考虑到农民行为差异性,在进行评价预测之前先对评分进行标准化处理。     

Effect of a Nonsurgical Embryo Transfer Procedure and/or Altrenogest Therapy on Endogenous Progesterone Concentration in Mares

Endogenous progesterone levels may decline after transcervical embryo transfer in some mares. Progestogen therapy is commonly used to support endogenous progesterone levels in embryo transfer recipient mares or those carrying their own pregnancy. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of the transcervical transfer procedure and/or altrenogest therapy on luteal function in mares. Mares were assigned to one of six treatment groups: group 1 (untreated control; n = 7 cycles), group 2 (sham transfer, no altrenogest; n = 8 cycles), group 3 (sham transfer plus altrenogest; n = 8 cycles), group 4 (pregnant, no altrenogest; n = 9 mares), group 5 (pregnant plus altrenogest; n = 9 mares), and group 6 (nonpregnant plus altrenogest; n = 10 cycles). Mares in groups 4-6 were bred and allowed an opportunity to carry their own pregnancy. Blood samples were collected for 22 days beginning on the day of ovulation. Sham embryo transfer (groups 2 and 3, combined) did not result in a decline in endogenous progesterone levels compared with control mares (group 6). However, sham embryo transfer did result in luteolysis and an abrupt decline in endogenous progesterone levels in one of the 16 (6.2%) sham-transferred mares. Altrenogest therapy in sham-transferred mares (group 3) was associated with lower endogenous progesterone levels on days 10, 12, and 13 postovulation when compared with sham-transferred mares that did not receive altrenogest (group 2). Administration of altrenogest to pregnant mares (group 5) was associated with lower concentrations of endogenous progesterone from days 14 to 18 and on day 21 compared with endogenous progesterone levels in pregnant mares not administered altrenogest (group 4). In conclusion, a transcervical embryo transfer procedure can cause luteolysis in a low percentage of mares. Altrenogest therapy may be associated with a reduction in endogenous progesterone secretion, presumably mediated by a reduction in pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) release and a decrease in luteotropic support.     

紫叶矮樱不同基质育苗比较试验

以炉渣、锯末、菇渣废料、鸡粪、羊粪、田园土分别按照不同体积比配制9种供试基质,对紫叶矮樱进行处理,研究不同基质养分对紫叶矮樱苗木株高及成品苗质量的影响.结果表明:G6基质(田园土∶炉渣∶菇渣废料∶鸡粪=6∶3∶0.5∶0.5)为最佳栽培基质.     

大白菜核雄性不育相关基因BrLTP1的克隆及特征分析

 利用cDNA-AFLP技术分析大白菜核雄性不育两用系‘AB02’可育株（msms）和不育株（Msms）花蕾的基因表达谱,在可育株混合花蕾cDNA中扩增出1条特异条带TDF-25,通过RACE和RT-PCR技术克隆了该基因的全长cDNA序列。序列分析表明,该基因编码脂质转移蛋白,命名为BrLTP1。BrLTP1全长cDNA序列为750 bp,推测编码1个包含183个氨基酸残基的前体蛋白。BrLTP1蛋白含有典型的脂质转移蛋白N端信号肽,保守的AAI结构域和半胱氨酸位点。预测BrLTP1蛋白含有多种修饰性位点,包括1个PKC磷酸化位点,2个N–糖基化位点和10个N–端豆蔻酰基化位点。基因表达模式表明,BrLTP1在两用系不育株花蕾中受到强烈抑制,在可育株的大花蕾、成熟花药以及花瓣中高水平表达。